It is one of the most active regions of land-ocean interaction among the large river deltas in the world. The Yellow River Delta (YRD) (118.6 oE-119.3☎, 37.6 oN-38.2 oN), located in northern part of Shandong Province, has the largest and youngest coastal wetlands in China. The objectives of this work were to: 1) analyze the soil PSD and its fractal dimensions in tidal flat in the YRD, and 2) explore the related soil properties of soil PSD in tidal flats. In this study, we calculated both singular and multiple fractal dimensions of soil PSD with fractal scale theory, and explored the relationships between soil particle sizes and fraction dimensions with network analysis in a successional series of tidal flats in a coastal wetland in the YRD. Multifractal analysis has been employed to retain more detailed information to capture the intrinsic variability of soil PSD. Singular fractal analysis is used to quantitatively describe soil PSD characteristics, soil aggregate fragmentation, and other related soil properties. A better approach to characterize PSD is combining laser diffraction method and fractal analysis, which offers the possibility for quantifying and integrating information on soil structure at different temporal and spatial scales. The traditional and principal approach for soil PSD, the textural triangle, provides incomplete information for its frequently fluctuations and restriction by arbitrary of texture classes. Characterizing changes of soil PSD is an important way to understand and quantify soil structure, dynamics and physical process. Soil particle size distribution (PSD), one of the most important physical attributes of soils, may change correspondingly in different soil conditions. Especially, little is known about an effective index to quantify the effects on soil properties affected by tidal action. More information is needed regarding details of the relationship of natural disturbances and soil properties on tidal flats. Tidal flat had led to great understanding of their place in ecosystem however, it has not been fully explored yet. Tidal currents have been identified as one of the dominant factor controlling coastal wetland ecosystem evolution. Tidal flats are immature, fragile and unstable. Tidal flats are generally found several hundreds of meters wide along the coast with varying vegetation types and soil properties. Moreover, it plays an important role in preventing erosion of coastal lines and seawater contamination. Tidal flats supply organic matters to adjacent rivers and coastal zones, and support high trophic levels in a range of aquatic habitats. It can provide ecosystem services linked to nutrient uptake and retention. Tidal flat is the tide-dominant coastal wetland.
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